Analysis of a lyric work
- What's the theme? (About what?)
- What's the idea? (What did the author want to say?)
- Composition of the poem.
- What is the mental state of the lyrical hero?
- How thin This is achieved by:
- A) paths and figures(comparison, epithet, metaphor, metonymy, personification, symbol, hyperbole, inversion, etc.). b ) language analysis: poetic phonetics - sound writing (alliteration and assonance), vocabulary, syntax.
- 6. Poetic size. Rhyme.
- 7. What feelings did reading the poem evoke?
- Analysis of the poem
- F.I. Tyutcheva
- "Silentium!"
- Pay attention to the imperative intonation of the 1st line, the insistent repetition:
- “Be silent, hide and conceal...”
- The stanza ends with verbs in the imperative mood - this strengthens the desire to convince someone:
- “Admire them - and be silent.”
- The energy of persuasion is supported by the selection of rhymes - precise, adjacent, masculine.
- The first stanza is an energetic conviction, addressed either to oneself or to another, but in need of help with a word from a more experienced person.
- The meaning of this belief: your feelings and dreams will not die, they will live the same wonderful life in the depths of your soul, “like stars in the night.”
- It's about impossibility convey the life of the heart in words, souls, subconscious, that is, the life of the human spirit, which is not reduced to the work of the mind.
- Metaphor: the life of the soul is compared to unclouded springs, the purest water.
- How can the heart express itself?
- How can someone else understand you?
- Will he understand what you live for?
- A spoken thought is a lie.
- Exploding, you will disturb the keys, -
- Feed on them - and be silent.
- How do they interact? What does the outside world look like?
- Two worlds: the external (with external noise and light) and the internal (called “mysteriously magical”) come into conflict. And the consequences of these contacts can be dangerous. The poet warns, persuading: “Just know how to live within yourself...” -
- preserve your inner peace!
- Just know how to live within yourself -
- There is a whole world in your soul
- Mysteriously magical thoughts;
- They will be deafened by the outside noise,
- Daylight rays will disperse, -
- The poem begins with the call “Be silent!..”. And each of his three stanzas ends with the same refrain.
- This is composition poems.
- What style of words do you discover when reading the poem? (“one”, “stars”). What is their function?
- Find the lines that have become an aphorism, where the idea is contained:
- Vocabulary of the poem
- The semantic center of the poem is an aphoristic expression of philosophical thought, the truth learned by the poet: "A spoken thought is a lie".
- The emphasis is on the image of silence, also included in the title. The poem begins and ends with it: with “silence” the lyrical hero strives to “ring” the rich world of the soul - feelings, thoughts, dreams, rushing out, striving for the heart of the “other”.
- The image of silence symbolizes the psychological barrier with which a person must protect his inner world both from misunderstanding and from “external noise,” “daytime” vanity, and the prose of life.
- The poem is an example of Tyutchev's philosophical lyrics, revealing the problem of human mutual understanding (or misunderstanding?).
- Why is a person doomed to be misunderstood by other people?
- How to save your inner world from misunderstanding and external “noise”?
Composition
F.I. Tyutchev is a famous Russian poet of the 19th century. His work is very emotional and varied: in it we will hear the sound of spring waters, the first thunder, suffering from unrequited love, and philosophical reflections on the meaning of life. Philosophical lyrics are one of the themes of his literary heritage. Let's look at one of these poems.
The word “Silentium” is translated from Latin into Russian as silence. This word contains the main idea of the poem - the loneliness of the poet, his inner world, hidden from prying eyes. The poem was written in 1830, first published in Pushkin’s magazine Sovremennik. The poet worked on it for a long time, carefully honing every word.
The work consists of only three stanzas, but they are filled with very deep meaning, and each stanza can be considered a separate part of the poem. The first stanza begins and ends with the same verb “be silent”; the same word is at the end of each stanza. It is no coincidence that the poet repeats it and focuses the reader’s attention on it. This word contains both the theme and the idea of the poem. Where, according to Tyutchev, should the most secret dreams and feelings of a poet, a Man, be kept?
Let it be in the depths of your soul
They get up and go in
Silent, like stars in the night...
The epithet “in the depths of the soul” emphasizes the inaccessibility of a person’s inner world to others; it is hidden from prying eyes. Reading these lines, we imagine a quiet night, a starry sky, and such a comparison is not accidental. The stars silently (the adverb has the same root as the word “silence”) rise in the sky, and human thoughts are also born in his soul. Space is vast and great, just like the inner world of man.
The second part begins with rhetorical questions:
How can the heart express itself?
How can someone else understand you?
Will he understand what you live for?
The poet conducts a conversation with the reader as with a close friend, and the pronoun “you” helps him in this. But can even the closest person understand what is going on in your soul? Of course not. Anyone who is too frank, accustomed to sharing with others, generates gossip and envy around him:
A spoken thought is a lie
Exploding, you will disturb the keys...
So should you trust your friends with your secrets? Let's turn to the third part of the poem:
Just know how to live within yourself -
There is a whole world in your soul
Mysteriously magical thoughts...
Enjoy the world that surrounds you, but don’t let anyone inside yourself:
...They will be deafened by the outside noise,
Daylight rays will disperse, -
Listen to their singing - and be silent!...
A person, his soul, is a mystery both to those around him and to himself.
The exclamatory sentence again focuses the reader's attention on the key word in the poem. And after it, the poet uses silence, it is also connected with the idea of the poem: the poet will not allow strangers into his soul, this world belongs only to him.
In the poem, Tyutchev uses many outdated “forms of words: “one” (instead of “they”), “listen” (“listen”, “understand”), “stars are blowing”, “sit down”), and also the words coincide ”(instead of “zakho” (instead of “star”), “after the Old Slavonic prefixes: “exploding”, “outraging”, “uttered”. Such words fill the poem with pathos, giving it a special solemnity.
Verbs predominate over other parts of speech, most of the verbs used by Tyutchev are in the imperative mood, they express the poet’s request to the reader, calling him to a frank conversation.
The poem is written in iambic tetrameter, one of the favorite meters of poets of the first half of the 19th century, which gives it a special melodiousness.
I like this piece because it is very unusual. This is the poet’s philosophical reflection on the inner world of man, which is hidden from prying eyes. The main idea is expressed in the title and is emphasized more than once by the author with the same root words: “be silent,” “silently.” When you read these lines, you feel the deep suffering of the poet’s lonely soul, and you feel humanly sorry for him. And you also ask yourself the question: what is your inner world like, what worries you, is it so rich that you cannot give your thoughts a verbal form, and therefore hide them? These are my impressions after reading this poem.
The title of the poem is translated from Latin as “Be silent!” This appeal runs like a leitmotif throughout the entire work. The encouragement for silence comes to the fore here, which is why it is reflected in the title. Tyutchev repeats the prayer at the end of each stanza, actively influencing the reader.
The poem can be described as very personal, despite the fact that it is filled with addresses to the interlocutor. The fact is that it is one of Tyutchev’s first works, which he wrote “for the table” - for himself, and not for the public. Close friends were able to convince the poet to publish some of them.
This poem raises the theme of the sacredness of reasoning and reflection, which only its author is destined to understand. Tyutchev writes about them as something magical:
"There is a whole world in your soul
Mysteriously magical thoughts..."
The poet draws a clear line between the inner world and the outer world. Moreover, the latter is portrayed to us as hostile and “alien.”
This becomes clear from the words
“Just know how to live within yourself...”
The inner world, on the contrary, is full of romance and light colors. Reading this poem, we feel the growth of vague anxiety and the emergence of fear. It comes from the final lines of each stanza. The gradation “admire - eat - listen” enhances this effect. The first word has a light, somewhat detached meaning, while the latter takes on a more severe connotation.
The colors thicken even more when, in the middle of the work, we come across the line “How can someone else understand you?” It seems that what lies here is not the fear of opening up to your interlocutor, even your closest friend, but disappointment. Another question hangs over the reader and author: is it worth sharing your experiences and thoughts? Will this backfire on me? Tyutchev, being a diplomat, was accustomed to being cautious, and this character trait of the poet is revealed here to a sufficient extent.
This whole work is like a dialogue with yourself. The silent interlocutor mentioned earlier is in fact the author himself. Therefore, he can give advice of this nature, be assertive, and sometimes even aggressive. After all, we are talking about the well-being of the person closest to him - himself.
It is precisely due to the fact that the poem was not originally written for the public that it seems so attractive to us. It seems that we have gained access to something personal, mysterious and therefore so interesting. That’s why the advice “Be silent!” we like it that way. There is no hypocrisy or pretense in it, it is not adjusted to circumstances and is not invented simply for the sake of maintaining a conversation. It is filled with sincerity. I would like to believe Tyutchev.
The poem was written in 1830, during the decline of Russian romanticism. This justifies disappointment, fear, the desire for mystery and immersion in one’s own inner world - after all, these are signs of that direction of social thought that was widespread in the second half of the 19th century.
Tyutchev is a talented Russian poet, romanticist and classicist who wrote primarily not for anyone, but for himself, revealing his soul on paper. Each of his poems is imbued with truth, the truth of life. One gets the feeling that the poet is afraid to express his opinion in front of people; sometimes even alone with himself, he is afraid to admit his feelings and orders himself to remain silent and not reveal the secrets kept deep in his heart. Tyutchev wrote “Silentium” in 1830, just during the period of the passing of the era of romanticism and the arrival of the bourgeois-pragmatic era. The poem shows the author's regret about the days gone by and his lack of understanding of what will happen next.
Fyodor Ivanovich was a romantic at heart, pragmatism was alien to him, so the source of his inspiration disappeared with the advent of July. The ensuing chaos destroyed all the hopes and expectations of the poet, leaving him in confusion and regret about the irretrievably lost era of romanticism. Almost all of Tyutchev’s poems of that period are imbued with this mood; “Silentium” was no exception. The author cannot get rid of the shadows of the past, but he takes a vow of silence to himself, running away from the bustle of the outside world and closing in on himself.
At the beginning of the poem, the poet describes what is familiar to his lyrical hero: stars in the night sky, water springs. The first symbolize something divine, higher powers, and the second - the image of nature, something earthly and understandable to each of us. Tyutchev wrote “Silentium” to explain to people the harmony of God with Nature and how it affects humanity. On the other hand, everyone must understand their own Universe, the microcosm that reigns in the soul.
In the middle of the poem, the poet asks questions about how to correctly voice his thoughts so that another person understands you correctly and does not misinterpret the words, changing their meaning. Tyutchev wrote “Silentium” with a silent appeal to remain silent and keep everything to yourself, to keep the secret of unspoken thoughts. You can also perceive forced muteness as a protest against everyday consciousness, the chaos that is happening around. In addition, the poet could resort to a romantic motif, thus conveying the loneliness of his lyrical hero, devoid of understanding.
Tyutchev’s “Silentium” shows the complete powerlessness of the word, which is unable to fully convey what is happening in his inner experiences and fluctuations. Each person is individual and unique in their judgments, thoughts and assumptions. A person has his own ideas about life, reacts in his own way to certain events, so it is not very clear to him how his feelings will be interpreted by other people. Each of us has had moments when we were tormented by doubts whether they would understand us, what they would think or say.
Tyutchev wrote “Silentium” in order to prove that he believes that he will be understood by humanity. The poet simply wanted to emphasize that there is no need to share every thought with the public or discuss important issues with the first person you meet. In some situations, it is better to hide your feelings, keep your opinions to yourself and calm down your emotions. Everyone should have their own, hidden from prying eyes: why open it to people who will never understand or appreciate the ideas voiced.
1. Theme of the poem: feelings, human soul (the title of the poem is translated as “silence”); 2. Main idea: a person should pay attention to the feelings of another person, and not to words (a person’s feelings are sincere than words); 3. Lyrical hero: a person who calls not to open your soul to other people in order to avoid misunderstanding; 4.
Means of expression: gradation (be silent, hide and hide), polyunion (both feelings and dreams), epithet (spiritual depth), personification (they get up and go), epithet (silently admire), comparison (like stars in the night), epiphora in quatrains (...and be silent), assonance (admire Him AND be silent, that is, repetition of vowel sounds), rhetorical questions (how can the heart express itself? How can another understand you? Will he understand how you live?), metaphor ( disturb the keys), metaphor (feed on them (the keys)), assonance (feed on them AND be silent), inversion (just know how to live within yourself), inversion and hyperbole (the whole world in your soul), epithet (mysteriously magical thoughts), personification (noise will deafen), alliteration (outside noise will deafen), epithet (daylight rays), inversion (daylight rays will disperse); 5. Genre - poem; 6. Size, rhyme: meter - iambic tetrameter, rhyme - double); 6. My impressions: I liked this poem, its philosophical, even a little romantic, direction. But I do not agree with the idea put into this poem by the author. I believe that it is impossible for a person to always keep all his feelings and dreams to himself, without sharing them even with the people closest to him. I think a person should not isolate himself and live only in his inner world.